Chinese philosophy Essay

. Presentation A. Proposal There are such a significant number of various ways of thinking and religions, and they extraordinarily impact people’s life. In this paper, I will present and characterize the delegates of the Western way of thinking, for example, Plato’s supernatural Dualism and Chinese way of thinking like Daoism. What's more, I am going to think about these ways of thinking and clarify the contrast between them. ?. Dualism A. Clarify Plato’s powerful Dualism Plato’s Dualism isolated the truth into two unique domains of presence (World of the Senses and World of the Forms). One world (the physical world) is continually changing, and a different universe (the universe of the Forms) is constant. Plato further partitioned these two distinct domains of presence. The universe of Forms can be isolated into the higher world (domain of the structure) and the lower world (the Empirical world). The universe of faculties can be partitioned into physical articles (standard items we see) and pictures (shadows, reflections and pictures). B. Synopsis of Allegory of Cave Plato clarified his powerful dualism by utilizing the Allegory of a cavern. As per Marc Cohen: In the moral story, Plato compares individuals untutored in the Theory of Forms to detainees affixed in a cavern, unfit to stop people in their tracks. Everything they can see is the mass of the cavern. Behind them consumes a fire. Between the fire and the detainees there is a parapet, along which puppeteers can walk. The puppeteers, who are behind the detainees, hold up manikins that cast shadows on the mass of the cavern. The detainees can't see these manikins, the genuine items that go behind them. What the detainees see and hear are shadows and echoes cast by objects that they don't see. Be that as it may, one the very beginning of them is discharged from what keeps them the person sitting, and they think back. Around then, the person understands that there are objects and the fire behind individuals and somebody moves the articles. The shadow individuals have seen is a phony. Individuals who are as yet sitting have never observed the articles behind them, so they accept that the shadow is genuine. The person is allowed to move, so he begins to race to the exit of the cavern. In the wake of escaping the cavern, the person feels mixed up on the grounds that the world out of the cavern is excessively gleaming. Sooner or later, his eyes became acclimated to the brilliance and the excellent world like the mountain, the sky, the waterway, or the sun is according to the person. And afterward he understands that the world out of the cavern is genuine. He returns to the cavern and tells individuals who are as yet sitting in the cavern what he saw out of the cavern. Notwithstanding, they don't accept that what the person came clean with is. C. Translation of the Allegory By utilizing this Allegory, we can consider today’s world. There are a lot in development on the planet, and the world is by all accounts smaller than previously. Particularly the presence of broad communications like paper, TV, magazine, Internet, or SNS changed how we manage data. An excessive amount of data is made and streams each day, and we can get the data you need whenever by the gadget like an advanced mobile phone, a PC or a tablet. Be that as it may, is the data you can get actually the truth? The data made by broad communications may resemble the shadow in a cavern. Before I was conceived, there was at that point an excessive amount of data. I learned a lot of data like Japanese history in a school, and I likewise know the new data of the frequency that happens each day simultaneously through broad communications. So I learned the vast majority of things that happened the world over through the data made by broad communications, and the data resembles a shadow in Allegory of a Cave. Assume that an interior fighting is going on in one nation. We think about that through broad communications. We may see endures in a TV or in a photograph. We feel like comprehend everything about the war through the image on TV or expressions of the News, yet that is certainly not an entire thing yet simply part of that. We have to look for the truth by my own eyes today’s world. ?. Plato’s Legacy According to Philip, â€Å"Plato believed that the spirit could and would exist separated from the body and would exist after the demise of the body. He offered a â€Å"proof† for this position and was the first to do as such recorded as a hard copy that we have any proof of doing as such. He offered a few distinct verifications or contentions none of which are persuading today†. His contention was that people were made out of bodies and spirits, yet soul was progressively significant and godlike. His contentions utilized premises that are faulty today. For instance, Plato figured he could infer that the spirit could exist isolating from the body since it worked freely from the body when it occupied with unadulterated idea. Yet, today, it is demonstrated that how we think relies upon the physical cerebrum works. So this is not, at this point acknowledged as evident. Plato believed that they are recalling the information embedded in their spirits when the spirits were in the domain of unadulterated idea and interminable structures before going into the body after which they overlooked as they got befuddled by physical feelings and sentiments and constrained encounters through the faculties. What's more, that is the best way to disclose how individuals come to know. This is not, at this point acknowledged as the best clarification of how individuals come to have information. In any case, Plato is attributed with being the principal human to endeavor to set out any kind of a proof that people had spirits and that they endure the demise of the body and that they were godlike. A. Descartes-Substance Dualism According to Philip, â€Å"Descartes likewise accepted that the spirit existed before and separate from the body, and it was interminable. In his view, all of reality comprised of two totally different substances: matter or the physical and soul or the non-physical. † The physical was what might be stretched out in reality and the non-physical would not be portrayed. He felt that his well known case that â€Å"I think in this way I am† set up that he existed as well as that he existed without a body as a â€Å"thinking thing†. A â€Å"thinking thing† is a thing that thinks and by that would be incorporated: envisioning, imagining, trusting, dreaming, craving, dreading, guessing, thinking, recollecting and that's only the tip of the iceberg. For him a â€Å"thinking thing† required no physical parts to do what it does. Present day science has set up that there is no proof of people that are without a physical body and its cerebrum. There is no proof that contemplation is conceivable without a mind. There is a lot of proof that what has been related with Descartes’ â€Å"thinking thing† is currently clarified exclusively in term of the mind and how the cerebrum is truly organized and the working of the mind. B. Aquinas According to the content, â€Å"Saint Thomas Aquinas is the savant who disclosed five different ways to show the presence of the God inside the system of a posteriori (the information originates from, or after the experience) and created cosmological and teleological contentions. † I will clarify one of the showings. The route is from the idea of productive reason. In the realm of reasonable things, there is a request for productive causes. It never happens that the thing is simply the effective aim. In the event that you take a gander at one wonder, you can see numerous effective purposes behind it. However, you can't return to limitlessness. There must be the main productive reason. Aquinas guarantees that that is the God. The Aquinas’ guarantee is like Plato’s guarantee. He thought the God is the primary effective motivation and autonomous one. That is near the idea â€Å"the domain of the form† Plato guaranteed. Furthermore, the things in the realm of reasonable things are the optional things of the God. It is near â€Å"the Empirical world† Plato guaranteed. ?. Chinese Natural Cosmology A. Ames 'Picture of Reason in Chinese Culture† Ames claims the contrast between the prevailing originations of reality in the West and in the Chinese convention in his â€Å"image of Reason in Chinese Culture†. As indicated by the content, Ames claims that â€Å"to investigate the Chinese way of thinking, he thought you expected to perceive at any rate that you are managing an on a very basic level diverse world in the event that you know about Western culture. To bring into alleviation certain highlights of the predominant Indo-European view and Chinese option in contrast to it, he develops a â€Å"logical feeling of request with a â€Å"aesthetic† request. † What we call â€Å"logical† feeling of request has created Western philosophical and strict conventionality, and it depends on the assumption that there is something changeless, great, goal, and all inclusive that trains the universe of charge and ensures characteristic and good request some originative and determinative arche, an endless domain of Platonic edios or â€Å"ideas†, the One True God of the Judeo-Christian universe, a supernatural depository of constant standards or laws, an annalistic strategy for observing clear and particular thoughts. In a solitary request world, the One God is the underlying start of the universe. The God is basic and constant rule that causes and clarifies that birthplace and issues everything from itself, and that is recognizable and presupposition in Western convention. In spite of the fact that the world is clarified by â€Å"logical† request in Western custom, in any case, there is no â€Å"logical† request in Chinese way of thinking. The request for Chinese convention is innate in and indivisible from an immediately evolving world. The universe has inside itself its hierarchical standards and its own innovative vitality. In the perspective on Chinese custom, the world makes itself. That is shameful from the view purpose of Western researcher reason. The yin and the yan meet up and control the unbounded mix of these two inverse wellspring of vitality. These two wellsprings of vitality make an unconstrained insight conceivable.

Locals spend lavishly thanks to windfall from IPOs Essay

Local people spend sumptuously on account of godsend from IPOs - Essay Example I took a Karwa taxi to the Industrial Area from the Old Airport territory on Friday night and I paid QR30 as single direction charge It is excessively, he said. Indeed, even a Qatari national, Yahya Abdul Rahman, felt the sheep were costlier this Eid. He accused house leases as the single guilty party for the increasing average cost for basic items and said he had let out four houses to ostracize inhabitant families and raised leases just insignificantly. I have worry for them, he said of his occupants. The article chiefly discusses how local people in Doha, Qatar appreciate wealthy ways of life instead of outside ostracizes. Exiles are individuals who are briefly living in another nation, the way of life of which unique in relation to the one they are from. Local people's and the exiles' monetary and money related contrasts are featured during the Eid al-Adha or Feast of Sacrifice, the most significant dining experience of the Muslim. The dining experience is commended by relinquishing local creatures, especially sheep. The article describes how it is simple for a normal Qatari to buy a reasonable number of sheep, while the outsiders battle to purchase even only one. The nearby Qataris can figure out how to be indulgent as a result of the blasting securities exchange particularly starting open contributions (IPO... He accused house leases as the single guilty party for the increasing typical cost for basic items and said he had let out four houses to exile occupant families and raised leases just imperceptibly. I have worry for them, he said of his inhabitants. Landowners are insatiable, he said of land owners, his individual comrades. Rising expansion isn't useful for us all. Segment: Local News Gotten to 1/9/2006 from http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com 1.2 Commentary The article for the most part discusses how local people in Doha, Qatar appreciate princely ways of life rather than remote exiles. Ostracizes are individuals who are briefly living in another nation, the way of life of which not the same as the one they are from. Local people's and the ostracizes' monetary and budgetary contrasts are featured during the Eid al-Adha or Feast of Sacrifice, the most significant banquet of the Muslim. The dining experience is praised by giving up residential creatures, especially sheep. The article describes how it is simple for a normal Qatari to buy a reasonable number of sheep, while the outsiders battle to purchase even only one. The nearby Qataris can figure out how to be extreme as a result of the blasting securities exchange particularly introductory open contributions (IPOs). Initial public offerings are the principal offer of stock offered by a privately owned business to general society, stocks being the component of possession in a company. Initial public offerings must be offered once, numerous individuals make the most of the chance. It is run of the mill for the estimation of IPOs to ascend on debut. In any case, many fall beneath the contribution costs before the year closes. Due to this putting resources into IPOs are unsafe, likewise with every other venture. Yet, even with the blasting offers in the Doha Securities Market (up to 98% in 2005), financial analysts raise worry that it may

Donate for Eric and Ann Whalley

Donate for Eric and Ann Whalley Hi everyone, The short version is this: please give anything you can to support the parents of a 2010 alum, who were both victims of the bombing and are both in serious condition, at  http://bit.ly/whalleyrecovery. My name is Jess Kim, and Im a 2010 alum. Ive tried to make sense of the tragedy that happened in Boston this Monday, knowing full well that that may never happen. My heart is broken for Boston and the victims of this horrifying tragedy. This post is about two particular victims the parents of a good friend of mine, and a fellow MIT alum, Rich Whalley 10. On Monday evening, Rich posted on Facebook that his mom and dad had been at the finish line and he was unable to locate them. He had seen his a photo of his dad in the news reports of the bombing but had heard nothing about his mom (warning: graphic images ahead). We called every hospital in the Boston area until we were able to find them at two separate facilities; since then, these have been very long and tiring days. Ann is now stable but has numerous severe external wounds. Eric, on the other hand, was hit by shrapnel that entered through his eye; as a result, he has sustained severe brain trauma and will need several follow-up surgery, including a neurological operation later this week. Their family has a long, hard road ahead of them together as they recover from this awful tragedy. Weve set up a recovery fund to ease some of that burden, and much of the MIT community has already rallied around the Whalleys to show their support. Anything you could give would be greatly appreci ated, and please feel free to share this link: http://bit.ly/whalleyrecovery. Its been stated previously that no one in the MIT community was hurt, but Eric and Ann Whalley are very much a part of this family. All funds will go directly to the Whalley family to help them with the expenses related to this tragedy. Thank you very much for your love and support, and please be safe out there. Jess

Is The Self Reference Effect More Effective On Children s...

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Throughout, my research I have found, â€Å"like young adults, older adults exhibited superior recognition for self-referenced items relative to the items encoded with the alternate orienting tasks, but self-referencing did not restore their memory to the level of young adults† (Gutchess, A. H., Kensinger, E. A., Yoon, C., Schacter, D. L. 1). Thus, from past re search experiments the self reference effect has seen to be more limited in adults than children. Does the self reference effect more beneficial to children than adults? My study is based on how the self reference effect will help children’s memory rather than adults because children’s brains are still developing. â€Å"Children develop a cohesiveShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing The Article Detecting The Snake 892 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article â€Å"Detecting the snake in the grass: Attention to fear†relevant stimuli by adults and young children† published by Psychological Science authors Vanessa LoBue and Judy S. 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The Major Theories Of Criminal Behavior And The Impact Of...

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The use of teacher questions in learning and teaching Free Essays

Introduction Questioning is one of the most of import accomplishments in effectual instruction. Through oppugning a instructor can assist pupils organize relationships, guarantee success, bring on the engagement of inattentive pupils, and enhance pupils ‘ self-pride ( Eggen A ; Kauchak, 1996, P40 ) . Research workers overwhelmed with oppugning techniques highlighted the importance of oppugning in learning as an effectual tool in learning. We will write a custom essay sample on The use of teacher questions in learning and teaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now A inquiry is defined as: â€Å" any sentence that has an interrogative signifier † ( Cotton, Undated ) . In a schoolroom, the instructor ‘s inquiries are meant to be a tool intended to pass on the content elements to be learned and the instructions for what they are expected to make and the mode to make it. ( Cotton, ( Undated ) . Aschner ( 1961 ) cited in. Gall ( 1970 ) , for illustration, called the instructor â€Å" a professional inquiry shaper † and claimed that inquiring inquiries is one of the basic ways by which the instructors stimulated pupils believing and acquisition. Purpose: This paper is an effort to look into the usage of the different types of inquiries inside the schoolroom in relation to the cognitive theories. Background and significance: This survey is conducted at Fujairah Institute of Nursing ( ION ) .This institute is one out of three institutes from the Ministry of Health ( MOH ) in the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ) , which are learning nursing sheepskin for local and expatriates. There are three degrees of pupils ; these are diploma one ( DI ) , diploma two ( DII ) , and sheepskin three ( DIII ) . At Fujairah ION, there are 13 instructors ; some of them are Bachelors ‘ grade holders while others are master prepared. The experience of the instructors ranges between two to fifteen old ages. The instructors normally apply two methods of learning harmonizing to the ION policy ; these are Lecture Based and Case Based instruction. The admittance standards of credence of pupils emphasize that pupils must go through the high school with an norm of 70 % in the scientific watercourse. All classs are taught in English. On the footing of my personal instruction experience in the nursing field for the last 10 old ages, seven of them as a senior nursing coach at the ION – MOH – UAE. I have noticed that good inquiring technique is indispensable in the development of pupil ‘s apprehension and critical thought. Furthermore, the chief end of the ION is to develop long life scholar through the usage of Case Based Learning Method and synergistic Lecture Based Method where the instructor showered the pupils with different types of inquiries to ease the treatment in the schoolroom. This could non go on efficaciously if the facilitators have no inquiring technique. Furthermore, because of my personal involvement in bettering the quality of instruction and oppugning technique in ION, and since cipher has investigated the impact of good oppugning on pupil ‘s apprehension. I feel the impulse to analyze the part of this facet to the acquisition procedure. The consequence is expected to br ing out the degree of oppugning ( high- order, low order ) and the consequence of inquiries on pupils ‘ comprehension. Literature reappraisal The usage of oppugning helps instructors to analyze scholars ‘ comprehension. Questioning is besides utile for scholars as it encourages battle and focuses their thought on cardinal constructs and thoughts. Good learning involves how to inquire inquiries for maximal consequence. Some instructors ‘ inquiries are low cognitive 1s that ask pupils to give background information that they already have. Such inquiries have assorted advantages ( 1994, Airasian, et Al ) cited in Omrod, J, E. ( 2007 ) ( P475 ) .First, oppugning gives us an apprehension of the pupils ‘ old cognition and wrong thoughts about atopic. Second, they tend to look after pupils ‘ concentration on the lesson advancement. Third, they help us measure whether pupils are larning hard stuff efficaciously or are puzzled about peculiar accent. Fourth, they give pupils the opportunity to detect their apprehension. Finally, inquiries about the earlier erudite information promote reappraisal of the stuff, which should further greater recollection afterwards. Another type of inquiries is the high cognitive inquiries – those that entail the pupils to believe critically beyond what they have learned ( Minstrell and Stimpsen, 1996 ; Progrow and Londer 1994 ) cited in Omrod, J, E. ( 2007 ) ( P475 ) . Using the higher- degree inquiries help pupils to believe of their ain illustrations of ideas, use new criterions to work out a job or speculate about possible reading of cause A ; effects relationship and to advance critical thought. One of the basic theories in oppugning was reflected in Benjamin Bloom ‘s taxonomy ( 1956 ) who builds a system of classs of larning behaviour to assist us in planing and measuring educational acquisition. The taxonomy was ordered in grade of trouble from simple callback of facts on the lowest degree, through progressively more complex and abstract mental degrees, to the highest order making ( synthesis ) after being modified by his informer pupil Anderson ( 1994 ) . ( See Appendix E ) . An of import rule of Bloom ‘s Taxonomy is that each degree must be mastered before doing advancement to the following. The cardinal component of Bloom ‘s taxonomy is in its prompt that we want pupils to hold many degrees at accomplishments. Bloom found that over 95 % of the trial inquiries require the pupils to believe merely at the minimal degree. Teachers should be professional in the preparation of the inquiries and pay attending to their dictions as wide or narrow diction could restrict pupils ‘ response. Furthermore, instructors ‘ inquiries should be based on the cognitive degree of pupils instead than their classs. Piaget, another psychologist, stated that larning and believing involve scholar ‘s engagement. Knowledge is non strictly transmitted verbally but must be constructed and reconstructed by the scholar. Intelligence is good kept through assimilation and adjustment ; hence, experiences should be considered to give opportunities for assimilation and adjustment. Harmonizing to Piaget, scholars need to research, to pull strings, to experiment, to inquiry, and to seek out replies for themselves – activity is indispensable. Direction should be individualized every bit much as possible and scholars should pass on with each others, to challenge and discourse issues. Piaget considers instructors as facilitators of cognition – they instruct, engage and motivate pupils. Learning is much more meaningful when larning springs from their experiences. Consequently, instructors can utilize assorted types of inquiries to excite the scholars ‘ believing about abstract constructs taking into consideration their developmental degree since development precedes acquisition. Teachers should carefully be after their inquiries and move from one phase to another depending on the cognitive procedure of the scholar, Therefore, there should be a correspondence between the cognitive degree of instructors ‘ inquiries and the cognitive ability of the pupils ‘ replies. Harmonizing to Vygotsky ( 1920s-1934 ) , rational development takes topographic point in term of societal history and sociocultural background ( Luria, I 976 ) . That is, cognitive accomplishments and forms of thought of an person are non congenital factors, but are gained from interaction within his sociocultural environment. Vygotsky believed that larning takes topographic point when kids are working within their zone of proximal development ( ZPD ) . That is, the ZPD describes undertakings that a kid has non yet learned but is capable of larning at a given clip. A cardinal thought derived from Vygotsky ‘s impression of societal acquisition is that of staging ; the aid provided by more competent equals or grownups. Typically, scaffolding agencies supplying a kid with a great trade of support during the early phases of acquisition. The instructor should see prosecuting pupils at the upper degrees enthusiastically without overpowering them. Vygotsky considered that the instruct or as a scaffold that can assist the persons learn by seting his instructions and inquiries harmonizing to the kid ‘s degree of public presentation — is an effectual signifier of learning. Unlike Piaget, Vygotsky believed that larning returns development. Vygostyan psychological science ( Vygotskij, 1978, 1999, 2002 ) ; any cognition is based on a peculiar degree of abstraction. As a consequence, the proper usage of instructors ‘ inquiry even in the signifier of fact could take to abstraction which is contrary to Bloom. A considerable figure of research workers have studied the usage of inquiries in the schoolroom by the instructors and their findings were congruous. The figure and types of inquiries asked by instructors during the instruction procedure varies. Harmonizing to Gall, ( 1970 ) the usage of inquiries in the schoolroom over a 50 twelvemonth period reveals that the chief tendency has been the development of techniques to depict inquiries used by instructor. It is clear for pedagogues that inquiries play an of import function in learning. Aschner ( 1961 ) called the instructor â€Å" a professional inquiries shaper † . Flander ( 1970 ) cited in Gall, ( 1970 ) P3 ) stated that inquiring inquiry is one of the 10 major treatments for analyzing instructors ‘ behaviours in the widely used system for interaction analysis. Hastings ( 1912 ) cited in Gall ( 1970 ) P3 ) . An mean instructor asks 400 inquiries in a twenty-four hours, this means that most of the instruction clip is occup ied with inquiries and replies. Educators by and large see oculus to oculus that instructors should emphasize the development of pupils ‘ accomplishment in critical thought instead than in remembering facts. Harmonizing to Gall, Approximately 60 % of instructor ‘s quest on callback facts, approximately 20 % require pupils to believe and the staying 20 % are procedural. In another survey by Hussein ( 2006 ) , three instructors observed asked a sum of 782 inquiries consisting academic, non-academic, and pseudo inquiries in 16 observation Sessionss. The perceiver documented ( 526 ) inquiries, three hundred fifty four ( 354 or 67.3 % ) of these inquiries were in the academic class. The bulk of the academic inquiries were low-level ( 458, 87 % ) and the staying 68 inquiries ( 13 % ) were high-ranking. In the survey of Graesser and Person ( 1994 ) , 96 % of the inquiries in a schoolroom environment are instructors ‘ inquiries. In add-on to being rare and short, student inquiries are besides simple ( Dillon, 1988 ; Flammer, 1981 ; Kerry, 1987 ) cited in Graesser A ; Person ) . That is, they are usually superficial, short-answer inquiries that deal with the content and reading of distinct stuff ; they are seldom high-cognitive inquiries that involve illations, multistep analysis, or the averment of critical judgement. Research Question: This paper is an effort to reply the undermentioned inquiry: What types of inquiries are used by the instructor? How different or similar are these inquiries to the researches findings? Methodology Design A descriptive survey design will be used to analyze the degree of inquiries posed by the instructors, based on the revised Bloom ‘s taxonomy of the inquiry degree. The consequences will be tabulated utilizing simple statistical analysis to advert some: Sums, and Percentages, Sample and Puting The research worker will carry on two Sessionss of observations in two nursing categories. These are: DI A ; DII ; each category consists of 25 and 28 grownup pupils severally and learns through talk based method. They lie in the ( Formal operational phase of development ) harmonizing to Piaget. Two instructors will be observed are: first is a holder of a maestro grade in Medical surgical nursing, has an experience for two old ages in nursing instruction ; the 2nd possess a Bachelor ‘s Of Nursing Science, and has seven old ages of learning experience. The oppugning technique of the instructor will be assessed and evaluated through direct schoolroom observation in relation to the cognitive theory ( Bloom, Piaget and Vygotsky ) The revised version of Bloom ‘s taxonomy ( updated by Anderson, 1994 ) will be used as a process to measure the degree of oppugning. ( See appendix E ) The ethical considerations of carry oning this piece of research were carefully considered. Three consent letters were obtained from the Branch Manager every bit good as the concerned instructors. Procedure: 1. A missive will be sent to the principal to acquire permission for observation. ( Appendix C ) 2. A missive will be sent to the concerned instructors that I will go to their categories. ( Appendix D ) 3. The schoolroom oppugning observation clip will be 100 proceedingss, 50 proceedingss for each Class session. 4. The findings of the survey will be compared with the consequences of the surveies done by Gall, 1970 ( The usage of inquiries in learning ) , Graesser and Person 1994, ( Question inquiring during tutoring ) and Hussein, 2006 ( Dimensions of Questioning: A Qualitative Study of Current Classroom Practice in Malaysia ) . Datas Analysis The figure and type of instructors ‘ will be counted and analyzed. I calculated the frequence of inquiries asked by the instructors and categorized them harmonizing to high cognitive order and low cognitive order based on bloom ‘s taxonomy. The per centum of the entire figure of inquiries was calculated to ease readability and comparing between two categories. Consequences Degree of inquiry Class I Class II Low Cognitive Remembering 25 ( 66 % ) 17 ( 63 % ) Understanding 10 ( 26 % ) 6 ( 22 % ) 92 % 85 % Using High Cognitive Analyzing 2 ( 5 % ) 2 ( 7 % ) Measuring Making 1 ( 3 % ) 2 ( 7 % ) 8 % 14 % Sum 38 27 Discussion: With regard to this figure of inquiries: The findings of this survey showed that the figure of asked inquiries ( C1 =38, C2 =27 ) falls in scope with the findings of the survey of ( Graesser and Natalie ) ’30 to 120 inquiries per hr ‘ With regard to the frequence of low cognitive inquiries: It is obvious from the findings that the bulk of inquiries ( C1 =92 % , C2 =85 % ) prevarication in the low cognitive order. Compared to the findings of ( Gall. 1970 ) and Hussein ( 2006 ) who severally found that 77 % and 87 % of instructors ‘ inquiries are of factual type. The figure of inquiries which lie in low cognitive order is rather higher based on my personal category room observations ; even the inquiries asked at the higher degree ( C1 =8 % , C2 =14 % ) were non answered right by the pupils. Teachers were noticed to feed the pupils with appropriated responses which will non excite abstract believing but contrary to that recalling and memorisation will ; term to be the existent term fro eg. 1. Scaffolding Teacher: What is the consequence of pneumonic high blood pressure on the right side of the bosom? Students: did non react to the inquiry. Teacher Scaffold them: Could depict the pneumonic circulation. 2. Formal operational: How is the clinical presentation of right ventricular failure different from the left side ventricular failure? Students: No response Traveling rearward from formal to concrete was quoted in the undermentioned event: Teacher: What are the maps of the left and right side of the bosom? Although the instructor was inquiring inquiries at frequent manner there was no adequate attending to the degree of the asked inquiries ; most of the inquiry did necessitate recalling and rote memory acquisition. This is an indicant that either instructors are non good trained or the higher order cognitive inquiries are non decently formulated or the pupils are non good coached to react to such types of inquiry. Students ‘ readying plays a function in reacting to higher degree of oppugning. If pupils are non good prepared, they will non be able to group the indispensable subject of the asked inquiry and therefore they will non catch up the higher cognitive degree inquiries. Connection with learning Theories: During my schoolroom observations, I was able to happen a nexus between many of the instructor ‘s inquiries and the cognitive theories from illustration. 1. Vygotsky /scaffolding: – Teacher: what is the consequence of left ventricular failure on the cardiac end product? – Students: did n’t react to the instructor and seemed confused. – Teacher gave them a intimation by simplifying the inquiries what are the determiners of Cardiac out? – Students answered: † Blood force per unit area, and contraction. – Teacher: What is the consequence of contract on CO? 2. Formal a Concrete ( Piaget ) Teacher: What is the principle behind dypsnea in platinum holding left ventricular failure? Students: did n’t reply Teachers: ( moves to concrete ) What causes dypsnea? Student: lung upset Teacher: What is incorrect with lung? Recommendations: Teachers must be cognizant of the different degree of inquiries. Teachers should be watchful to the importance of effectual schoolroom inquiry technique in advancing pupil apprehensions. Training plan should be conducted for instructors. Students should be trained and coached on how to react to higher order inquiries. Teachers should be cognizant that even higher order inquiries could be misused to fall in the low cognitive order. Teacher should see that each pupil does non larn in the same manner. Teachers should excite all the pupils to inquire and take part in the treatment. Teachers should do certain that appropriate waiting clip is given to reply the inquiries sing the degree of the inquiry. Teachers should inquire inquiries that encourage pupils to utilize schemes and critical thought accomplishments. Contemplation: Good inquiring technique improves the apprehension of the pupils and accordingly the result of the cognitive acquisition when the inquiries match the cognitive abilities of the pupils. Consequently larning and cognitive theories should be implemented in the schoolrooms. Furthermore, the consequence of this survey supports the recommendations of Gall that instructors do necessitate in-service and professional development programmed to better their inquiring accomplishments. Furthermore, the findings of Gall and Hussein are prevailing in the current survey. There are no indispensable alterations from 1970 boulder clay 2010. The research worker noticed that the inquiries were non distributed every bit among the pupils even a considerable portion of pupils were non engaged in the treatment particularly in DII. This could be due to hapless or unequal readying of the pupils, although it is the duty of the instructor to excite all the pupils. Furthermore, there was a noticeable job in the question-answer waiting clip ; for e.g. the instructor gave 15 seconds for a low cognitive inquiry whereas a high cognitive inquiry was given 12 seconds. The great majority of the inquiries were administered by the instructors and pupils were non encouraged to inquire inquiries. Restrictions of the survey It is worthy to advert that the range of this survey is limited to two instructors of nursing in one school in an educational zone. Some variables like instructor ‘s readying which influence the oppugning accomplishments were non measured. Students ‘ readying and inquiries were non measured besides. How to cite The use of teacher questions in learning and teaching, Essay examples

Influence Of Hip-Hop Essays - African-American Culture, Music

Influence Of Hip-Hop Influence of Hip-Hop Controversy has always been a prominent characteristic of popular music throughout the twentieth century. Whether it be the controversy surrounding Elvis' swinging hips, the Doors' suggestive lyrics, or Alice Cooper's stage antics, this controversy always seems to be followed by undue criticism from the media. One form of musical expression that has been in the news recently because of its negative attention is hip-hop. Rap, a relatively new form of musical exposition, has been criticized for its so-called anti-women lyrics. Some have even said that these types of lyrics are veering toward rape music (Faludi 267). This is just simply not true. Once thought of as a passing fad, rap has been able to fabricate many facets of popular culture. Due to their raw and insouciant lyrics, many artists have met opposition by conservative groups that believe rap spreads an anti-women message. These groups argue that the lyrics in many rap songs degrade women by calling them bitches, hoes, and tricks. These words, however, do little more than sell records. It is the image that rap artists represent as a whole that the youth of America buy. Although these terms may sound degrading, these lyrics have no real influence on America's image of women. These words are just a tool of the musicians that helps give them an appearance of being Benninger 2 gangsters, pimps, or dealers. It is these types of people that represent power and control to some or a glimpse into an unknown world to others. Either way, this image is what makes money. Further proof that rap artists are selling an image and not real life is that many rap artists are happily married men with wives and children that they truly care about. Dr. Dre, one of the forefathers of hardcore rap, in an interview with MTV, readily admitted that what he sells in his music is not a life that he himself wishes to live. He, like many other rap artists, does not view women as derogatory sex objects as they are depicted in his lyrics (MTV 3). Songs such as Bitchez [sic] ain't Shit and Bridget in which women are referred to as hoes do not really represent how Dr. Dre and many other rap artists feel about women. Dre said, people buy the type of music that I make. As long as people keep buying it, I will keep making it (MTV 2). Linda Tuzynski, a mother of six and housewife, sees no problem with rap music. It's just a image. No one really thinks of their mothers, wives, girlfriends, or daughters as bitches or hoes. She says the only issue she has with rap music is young children listening to it. But, she says, as long as parents monitor what their children listen to when they are too young, it is not a problem. Society has always been able to move on and eventually accept different ways of expressing oneself, and hip-hop should be no different. Although the message may not be the best one, each musician has the right to say whatever he or she feels. Rap music has no real influence on the image America has of women. In this age of enlightenment Benninger 3 toward the images and ideas the media present, the only real image America should have of women is the image that women themselves furnish. These groups that bash rap music and tell people to avoid it because of its negative reflection on woman are missing the big picture. All musicians have a right to say whatever they want in their music, no matter how offending it might be to some people. It is protected under their constitutional rights as Americans. The bottom line is, if you do not like something, do not listen to it. Bibliography Faludi, Susan. Blame it on Feminism. Creating America 2nd Edition Ed. Joyce Moser, with Ann Watters. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999. 267. Loder, Kurt. MTV News. Internet. www.mtv.com. 2,3. Tuzynski, Linda. Personal Interview. 27 Oct. 2000.

Geography Essay Sample Summer in Different Parts of the Globe

Geography Essay Sample Summer in Different Parts of the Globe Geography Essay Sample: Summer in Different Parts of the Globe If you are going to write a college paper, it’s a good idea to look at an example first. This will help you understand the structure of an essay and what needs to be included. Here is a geography essay sample for you to reference when you write your own geography masterpiece. Often, people think that summer is warm, and the sun is always shining. This is not always the case for summer varies in different places around the world. There is not one single definition of the season when it is looked at from a global standpoint. There is a handful of differences between each country’s summer season and what it looks like. If you live in the northern hemisphere, you know that summer occurs in June, July, and August. Those who live in the southern hemisphere experience summer in December, January, and February. Not every country has their summer season at the same time. This is one of the major differences between summers in different places around the world. Another variation in summer around the world is that some places get warmer and drier while others get warmer and wetter. Drier climates often go through droughts in the summertime, which cuts back on their crop production. Tropical areas are known to be more humid, which means that summer is the â€Å"wet season†. This is also the season where the most vegetation grows in tropical countries. Hong Kong has a sub-tropical climate, which means that they grow many of their crops during the summer season. Overall, there are a few cities that are hotter than all of the rest. Kuwait City, Karachi, and Ahvaz often reach the highest temperatures when compared to others. Particularly, in Kuwait City, the temperature might reach 44 degrees Celsius, which is equivalent to 111 degrees Fahrenheit. This is common during the summer months from June to August. This city, along with Karachi and Ahvaz, experiences more than a few negative effects from the hot weather. The citizens are prone to heatwaves and poor air circulation. In the summer season of 2017 in the United States, a few states had especially hot weather. These temperatures were between 119 and 125 degrees Fahrenheit or between 48 and 51 degrees Celsius. These specific temperatures were recorded in the southwest region, including California, Arizona, and Nevada. Arizona’s capital city, Phoenix, had reached the temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit three times in its history. The high temperatures proved to be deadly and even resulted in heat waves. Of course, this is not what summer looks like all around the globe. In New Zealand, there can sometimes be a lack of consistency when it comes to weather. New Zealand is located relatively close to Antarctica. Recently, in January of 2017, this country should have been experiencing its summer season. Instead, it was met with a â€Å"weather bomb† which led to flooding and snowing. This is not abnormal for the country, which is located in the southern hemisphere. They have endured extreme weather conditions prior to the 2017 weather bomb. Well, there are a lot of ways that summer can present itself throughout the world. There is not one correct route to describe summer because it can look different in each city or country. Some countries have mild summers, while others have very extreme ones. Even a country’s summer season timing can vary by its location in either the northern or southern hemisphere. References: Birch, H. (2015, July 22). Where is the worlds hottest city? Retrieved March 21, 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/jul/22/where-world-hottest-city-kuwait-karachi-ahvaz Cheng, V., Ng, E., Chan, C., Givoni, B. (2011). Outdoor thermal comfort study in a sub-tropical climate: A longitudinal study based in Hong Kong. International Journal of Biometeorology, 56(1), 43-56. doi:10.1007/s00484-010-0396-z Press, A. (2017, June 21). Scorching summer temperatures bring worst heat to south-west US in years. Retrieved March 21, 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jun/20/heatwave-south-west-us-arizona-nevada-california Redd, N. T. (2015, June 19). Summer: The Warmest Season. Retrieved March 21, 2018, from https://www.livescience.com/24592-summer.html Roy, E. A. (2017, January 23). New Zealand hit by weather bomb bringing summer snow and flooding. Retrieved March 21, 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/23/new-zealand-weather-bomb-summer-snow-flooding Staniforth, A., Thuburn, J. (2011). Horizontal grids for global weather and climate prediction models: A review. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138(662), 1-26. doi:10.1002/qj.958 Waliser, D. E., Moncrieff, M. W., Burridge, D., Fink, A. H., Gochis, D., Goswami, B. N., . . . Yuter, S. (2012). The â€Å"Year† of Tropical Convection (May 2008–April 2010): Climate Variability and Weather Highlights. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93(8), 1189-1218. doi:10.1175/2011bams3095.1 As an option, you can contact our writing service for hiring custom essay writers  who are experts in writing excellent geography essays and research papers.

How to Balance a Redox Reaction in a Basic Solution

How to Balance a Redox Reaction in a Basic Solution Redox reactions commonly take place in acidic solutions. The could just as easily take place in basic solutions. This example problem shows how to balance a redox reaction in a basic solution.Redox reactions are balanced in basic solutions using the same half. In summary: Identify the oxidation and reduction components of the reaction.Separate the reaction into the oxidation half-reaction and reduction half-reaction.Balance each half-reaction both atomically and electronically.Equalize the electron transfer between oxidation and reduction half-equations.Recombine the half-reactions to form the complete redox reaction. This will balance the reaction in an acidic solution, where there is an excess of H ions. In basic solutions, there is an excess of OH- ions. The balanced reaction needs to be modified to remove the H ions and include OH- ions. Problem: Balance the following reaction in a basic solution:Cu(s) HNO3(aq) → Cu2(aq) NO(g) Solution: Balance the equation using the half. This reaction is the same one used in the example  but was balanced in an acidic environment. The example showed the balanced equation in the acidic solution was:3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H→ 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2OThere are six H ions to remove. This is accomplished by adding the same number of OH- ions to both sides of the equation. In this case, add 6 OH- to both sides. 3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H 6 OH- → 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2O 6 OH-The H ions and OH- combine to form a water molecule (HOH or H2O). In this case, 6 H2O are formed on the reactant side.3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H2O → 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2O 6 OH-Cancel out the extraneous water molecules on both sides of the reaction. In this case, remove 4 H2O from both sides.3 Cu 2 HNO3 2 H2O → 3 Cu2 2 NO 6 OH-The reaction is now balanced in a basic solution.

The Great Migrations of Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Great Migrations of Africa - Essay Example Therefore, Mauch had a vision; he theorized that the Great Zimbabwe monuments had been actually made by Biblical characters visiting from the north. He stated: "I do not think that I am far wrong if I suppose that the ruin on the hill is a copy of Solomon's Temple on Mount Moriah and the building in the plain a copy of the palace where the Queen of Sheba lived during her visit to Solomon." Mauch further stated that a "civilized [read: white] nation must once have lived there." To us nowadays, this seems very far-fetched and the concept of the indigenous people actually building the monuments seems far more likely, but this was not true of most European assumptions during the late 1800s (Manu, 2004). The civilization actually existed around 1100-1450 AD, which was actually when the civilization was at the height of its power (Manu, 2004). There are still modern day settlers in the region, made up of mostly shone-speaking farmers. The civilization is located in south central Africa, which is considered current Zimbabwe, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. The actual site itself sits on a high plateau, over 1000 m (Manu, 2004). This civilization is important for a variety of reasons. First, this site, which includes the Great Enclosure wall, has its very impressive monuments which are only beaten out with impressiveness by the Egyptian pyramids (Manu, 2004). Furthermore, an extensive trading network formed through this region, and during the Medieval period, this was very important. The main focus of trade was on gold, copper, tin, cattle, and cowrie shells. This area was also important politically. For around 350 years, the civilization would be ruled by powerful rulers. The civilization was probably made up of around 18,000 inhabitants (Manu, 2004). In 350 AD Shona-speaking farmers settled in the region. They had migrated into the area to avoid the annoying tsetse flies, which can cause the deaths of not only people, but cattle as well through the disease known as sleeping sickness (Manu, 2004). The flies did not make appearances at such high altitudes, so the farmers were able to farm their cattle. At the end of the 11th century, the civilization began to develop (Manu, 2004). Intensified trading activities helped the civilization to expand. However, the civilization was not to last forever. It was abandoned around 1450 AD for reasons still unknown to historians today (Manu, 2004). There has been much speculation about this. It is known that the people left and started the northern kingdom of Monomotapa, as well as other states. Some historians have speculated that the fall could have been attributed to the population depleting land sources, over-farming, or perhaps a drastic weather change that could have hurt the trade marke t. Still, further research in this area is needed (Manu, 2004). Question Two The Bantu people began to migrate from the Congo or Niger Delta Basin. Their migration is so impressive because it is actually one of the largest ever seen in history. This incredible movement started at around 1000 AD and continued through 1800 AD (Nalubwama, 2009). However, historians are still unsure of why the movements happened in the first place. Therefore, there has been much speculation and theory for how and why this began. One theory given reflected on the concept that overpopulation may have inspired some groups of people to move into a different area, looking for areas and land to farm. Another

MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS - Dissertation Example The trait of being self-confident and tolerant to stress plays a very important role to be creative and tactfully handle situation. Dominant nature of the individual helps to lead a team and organise managerial activities in his/her own way of working. The trait of being ambitious facilitates the process of achievement of certain task for the leader. As a researcher how would you establish if those traits are fundamental to the effectiveness of the leader? A leader should have the traits within to be successful in the implementation process. An informative leader has the capability to understand the methods and the processes to manage the technical aspects of the managerial activities for the different organisational units. The conceptual skill of the person grows the creativity and foresight involves in the process of judgment and manage critical situation in the organization. The interpersonal skill of an individual helps to understand the human behaviour or any processes and take decision according to the motives of the others and will be able to communicate with the surroundings. These are the traits required by a person to be a successful leader in the long run. Reference Changing Minds.org. (2011). Trait Theory.

Environmental Impact of Green Companies Essay -- earth-friendly, Fair

There are many companies out there that claim to be â€Å"green†. But are they really and how much impact does it have on the environment? Labels such as â€Å"organic†, â€Å"biodegradable†, â€Å"earth-friendly†, vegan and â€Å"Fair Trade† are everywhere in today’s market. These labels are marketing tools used to influence consumers. Greenwashing is defined as â€Å"The dissemination of misleading information by an organization to conceal its abuse of the environment in order to present a positive public image † and â€Å"superficial or insincere display of concern for the environment that is shown by an organization † by thefreedictionary.com. â€Å"Going Green† may not be what it seems. It is not necessarily good for the environment. The Green movement is not about the environment as much as about consumerism and political agendas. While green products may be a better choice, they are still not enough to save the environment. When green is applied to food, it suggests foods that have been grown with minimal or no pesticides, organic fertilizers, no growth hormones, and humane conditions. However, this belief does not always accord with the reality. The example that I will discuss is eggs . I have chosen this example both because eggs are part of our everyday diet and because they get much attention in the media. Many people chose free range, organic brown eggs , believing them to be vastly superior. Brown eggs are usually more expensive than white eggs. The only real difference between a brown egg and a white egg is that brown eggs are laid by dark hens with red earlobes. However, many consumers believe that brown eggs have been laid by hens who have been fed food grown with minimal pesticides and fertilizers or that white eggs have been bleac... ...Kenner. Perf. Michael Pollan and Eric Schlosser. 2008. Hardner, Jared and Richard Rice. "Rethining GREEN CONSUMERISM." Scientific America 286.5 (2002). Peattie, Ken and Andrew Crane. "Green marketing: legend, myth, farce, or prophesy?" Qualitative Market Research: An International Joural 8.4 (2005): 357-370. Pedersen, Esben Rahbek and Peter Neergaard. "Caveat Emptor- Let the Buyer Beware! Environmental Labelling and the Limitations of 'Green' Consumerism." Business Strategy and the Environment 15 (2006): 15-19. Terra Choice Group Inc. "The Seven Sins of Greenwashing." 2009. unknown. E.7 Can green consumerism stop the ecological crisis? 2 Dec 2009 . Women's Voices for the Earth. "Issue Reports." September 2008. Women and Environment. 4 December 2009

Guidelines for selecting toys for Young Children

Age Recommendations: Most packages have a recommened age range, this however is only a suggested range based on average child development. Use this information as a general guide for narrowing down toy options. Use your knowledge of the child's individual skills and development to determine if the child would fall into that recommened age group. Read any printed warnings on safety precautions that are also listed on the package to determine if there is an additional risk that would make the toy inappropriate for a young child. Parts: The parts of a toy are a major factor when buying for young children. Toddlers and preschoolers even put objects in their mouth if the piece is small enough. A simple test is to drop the small parts through a paper towel tube, if the toy fits through the tube it is too dangerous for young children. Inspect all components of the toy to determine if it contains small parts that could present a choking risk. Toys often come with small accessories to go with the main item that can be too small in size, this is something to look out for. Always look at the qaulity of the toy construction, especially when the toy has smaller parts attached to it. Poor construction can ncrease the risk of a small part popping off while the child is playing. Educational Value: Toys bring enjoyment to children, but they also can provide educational value for a young child. Choose toys that allow children to practice developmental skills that they are currently working on. Examples are: if a three year old child is learning to reconize letters consider letter blocks or for numbers a electronic preschool toy that features numbers would be great. For children who need practice with motor skills, choose toys that require small movements and control, such as blocks that click together or a set of stacking cups. Visualize how the child would play with the toy to determine the educational value the toy offers. Violence: Many toys can carry a violent theme, particularly in the form of weapons. Many action figures have weapons attached or promote fighting. Replicas of actual weapons also encourage a violent nature, these types of toys may encourage young children to get more aggresive when playing with other children. Consider if you want young children exposed to these aggresive toys, especially at a young age. Taken from www. livestrong. com-guidelines when choosing developmently appropriate oys for young children. Reference: American academy of Pediatrics Age Appropriate Toys Age one to three year olds Melissa and Doug's shape sorting cube is a well made classic sorting toy. This high qaulity wooden cube and vibrant shaped blocks set is perfect for fine motor skills. Match the wooden blocks to the correct cutouts on the cube, and slide them inside. Introduce child to geometry and puzzling fun with this sturdy shape sorter. Shape sorting cube meets and exceeds all U. S. safety standards. This is a appropriate toy for this age because it teaches shape sorting, and could also each colors with the bright wood blocks. This toy is perfect for fine tuning motor skills. This toy is appealing because it has bright colors, and different shapes for them to find the correct spot for each one, this could be using thinking skills. I think a parent would buy this toy because it teaches shapes as well as colors while fine tuning motor skills that is also why I would choose this toy, it is a great learnig toy for young children. Count and Learn Cookie Jar: Imagine that whenever kids get a cookie from the cookie jar, they actually learn counting and numbers too. This talking cookie jar smiles ts best at little counters while helping them to count the delious looking cookies from one to ten. If you cant count cookies, how about counting the colorful chips on each cookie? The back of the cookie shows the number to see if you got the correct number. This toy also has number recognition, this bright red jar encourages children to play and learn with friendly phrases as well. This qaulity toddler electronic toy makes learning math exciting and fun. This toy is developmentaly appropriate because it teaches young children numbers in a fun cookie counting way, it hs numbers for them to see, as well as chips to count hichever is easiest for the child. It is appealing because it is a bright red jar, with fun colorful chip cookies, something they can reconize and be fun for them to play with while learning numbers. It talks as well which can keep the child's attention. I think a parent would choose to buy this toy because it is a great fun way for a child to learn to count, as well as see colors, and to learn manipulative skills, and thinking skills as well. I would choose this toy for the same reasons, I think it would be a great, fun way to teach young children to count and understand numbers. Alaphabet Sound Puzzle: 26 piece alphabet sound puzzle by Melissa and Doug is a wonderful fun tool to teach young children their ABC's. Place pieces in their correct spot on the board to hear music, animals, vehicles, letters, numbers, and more. This puzzle pronounces the correct name of each letter when it is placed correctly on the board. Pieces are slightly raised above the puzzle board for easy grasping. Colorful pictures beginning with each letter are underneath each piece to help develop the relationship between letters and their sounds. This toy is developmentally appropriate because it teaches ABC and letter ecognition, as well as thinking skills. Helps children sound out letters and say words to help understand each letter. This toy is appealing because it is a bright colored puzzle with sounds to help a child learn the ABC's, words and sounds of a letter. I think a parent would buy this toy because children love puzzles, it is a easy way for them to learn letters, sounds an d use their thinking skills. It a is a great learning toy, and I would choose this as well. Puzzles are great, and this one has sound for the children to learn what each letter sounds like to help remember each letter, and to use their thinking skills.

Women in the Workplace - 1627 Words

In recent years there has been a drastic increase in the number of women entering and participating in the labor force (Hepburn Simon, 2006). Since early history and the ancient civilization of man, women have played a secondary role, in which women were and still are viewed as less adequate than a man. A women’s traditional role in society is that of raising children, fulfilling duties around the house, and being the primary nurturer of the family. Many women in today’s society want and desire careers and a place in this Country. They want to stand on their own two feet, to become self sustaining individuals and to possess the feeling of independence and freedom. Issues that have and still plagued women in the workplace are many. Women†¦show more content†¦As stated previously, women have taken the role of housewife, mother, and nurturer throughout history. Women have long been stereotyped to stay at home and take care of the house and children. It has been t heir job to cook the meals, do the laundry, and manage the children’s life. Even today, motherhood is still considered to be the primary role for women. Women that do not take on this role are often viewed as selfish. In the past women that took on roles outside the home are stereotyped as self centered. Because women were thought of as homemakers, they often held jobs that were meaningless and not considered prestigious. Clearly, circumstances of family life have changed in the modern era. Large populations of women have and will continue to join the workplace. Although this period of change has helped shape the role of women today, women in corporate America are still oppressed. Even in today’s society, women are not treated the same as men. One area that clearly shows this oppression is the area of equal pay for men and women. Since the equal pay act of 1963 equal pay has been the law. Even though it has been 40 years since the enactment of this law, women are still paid less than men, even when women have the same education, skills, and experience as a man according to the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations. In fact, women are paid 77 cents for every dollar a man earns (AFL-CIO). These figures are even moreShow MoreRelatedThe Women Of The Workplace Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pageswrite about women in the workplace. The concept of women being an issue in the workplace may seem like a strange topic to discuss; however, there are many levels to this subject. In this paper, I will discuss rivalry in the workplace (both male vs. female and female vs. female), financial implications for companies that hire women, and finally the major issue of earnings inequality in the workplace for women. In the 1820’s women began being hired by companies because they could pay women less. TheyRead MoreWomen Inequality in the workplace1189 Words   |  5 Pagesinto the issue of women inequality in the workplace. This essay will explain the reason behind women equality in society and some of the disadvantages that women face in the workplace. Also, you will learn about the term â€Å"gender gap† which refers to the distribution of wages between men and women. It shows the difference in the pay between both genders in many career fields. Jobs and roles that women balance on a day to day basis so therefore I say, women are not the weakerRead MoreWomen in The Workplace Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in The Workplace Initially, the first women entering the workplace did so out of desire. In a post feminist, post-civil right era and spurred on by higher levels of education. Women saw jobs and careers as rights that had previously been denied to them. Women were tired of just being Big Johns Wife or Little Johnnys mommy. They wanted to be known the way men have always identified themselves by their jobs, their careers, and the level of success to which they had risen. StatusRead MoreEssay on Women in the Workplace2050 Words   |  9 Pages The quot;glass ceilingquot; has held women back from certain positions and opportunities in the workplace. Women are stereotyped as part-time, lower-grade workers with limited opportunities for training and advancement because of this quot;glass ceilingquot;. How have women managed their careers when confronted by this glass ceiling? It has been difficult; American women have struggled for their role in society since 1848. Women’s roles have changed significantly throughout the past centuriesRead MoreGender and Women in the Workplace2290 Words   |  10 PagesContents Gender diversity: Gender diversity and women in the workplace 1 Introduction 1 Literature Review 2 Gender diversity in a workplace 2 Women in the workplace 3 Conclusion 8 References 9 Gender diversity: Gender diversity and women in the workplace Introduction Gender diversity was not taken into consideration and most companies have very little knowledge on how to take advantage of it. Despite the effort to increase diversity of workforce over recentRead MoreEssay On Women In The Workplace771 Words   |  4 PagesWomen In The Workplace: Why You Must Make A Decision Already! While clearing out a box in my garage recently, I came across the resume of a memorable job applicant. During my tenure as an HR executive, I received hundreds of resumes a week and that was during a robust employment period. Whenever I posted an available position, the floodgates would open. This resume was submitted in response to a posting that I was extremely dedicated to, as it was for a position reporting directly to me. While IRead MoreEssay Women in the Workplace2420 Words   |  10 PagesExecutive Summary Women across the globe are shattering glass ceilings one at a time, and it is time the world takes note of it. Chief executives express their commitment to the advancing equality between men and women by actions such as advancing women in the workplace. Areas of such empowerment include: market and community progress through the use of sex, disaggregated data, and other benchmarks (Chakabarti). Times are changing in the makeup of the workforce today. Females are quickly becomingRead More Women in the Workplace Essays2445 Words   |  10 Pagesmany cultures throughout the world women are patronized and viewed as the weaker sex. Women are commonly perceived as being unfit for any forms of higher education and because of societal pressure and expectations retreat to a life of raising children and cooking meals for their husbands. Our society’s stereotypical views about women’s suffrage, educational expectations and athletic abilities have all advanced over the year s. In many aspects of our society, women are now expected to compete withRead MoreThe Inequality Of The Workplace Towards Women845 Words   |  4 Pageslegally accommodate pregnant female workers for minor requests. It has been thought that women make 77 cents to every man’s dollar but, that’s a myth. Because, if you would adjust for vacation time and, the profession of choice. Statistics show that females make 91 cents to every man’s dollar. This is why this research essay will give you further details to why there’s inequality in the workplace towards women. Gender roles have many occupations meaning they are related with masculine or feminineRead MoreImproving Workplace Opportunities For Women1590 Words   |  7 PagesA century ago women were excluded from the opportunities which men enjoyed. Today, many countries including Canada have progressed significantly by creating anti-discrimination laws that have performed a critical role in expand ing workplace opportunities for women. However, these laws failed to guarantee workplace equality since female workers still face discrimination through significant pay gaps for similar job duties, lack of representation in boards and high paying positions, and also face sexual

Bettys Summer Vacation Details and Summary

Christopher Durangs plays are well-known for addressing taboo content in a biting and humorous manner.  Betty’s Summer Vacation, with its  talk of incest, murder, mutilation, rape, â€Å"three ways,† exposing/flashing, and more, is no exception. Durang notes that his sometimes irreverent manner in dealing with these sensitive topics is meant to reveal to an audience just how far news and entertainment have gone in desensitizing people towards topics that should produce feelings of horror and revulsion, but which are now are glossed over alongside stories of the latest Hollywood scandals. He likens modern audiences to those in Ancient Rome who found entertainment in gladiator battles and sending Christians to fight lions. He writes: â€Å"But I’ve not written a documentary, I’ve written a play; and it’s a farcical play as well, in which we are not meant to EMPATHIZE with the characters the way one is meant to empathize with Blanche DuBois or Willy Loman; it’s more like following the stories of Candide and Cunnegonde in Candide, or the characters in a Joe Orton farce, or even the characters in a 1930s screwball comedy (though admittedly a dark one).† It may be jarring to read or experience a Durang play if you are unprepared for his style. But, Durang aims for â€Å"healing laughter† that comes from serious events that are now distant enough from an audience that when described in a particular manner can be found humorous. Plot Synopsis Betty is on summer vacation in a shared rental property with her friend Trudy, Trudy’s mother Mrs. Siezmagraff, Keith, and Buck. Trudy is a talkative young woman who grates on Betty’s nerves. Buck is an over-sexed lout and Keith just might be a serial killer with a head in a hatbox. Mrs. Siezmagraff is a codependent, Auntie Mame-ish wild woman.  She invites a homeless man, Mr. Vanislaw, to come over for the night as her date. Mr.Vanislaw is wearing a trench coat and sneakers and he flashes everyone in the house and alludes to his penis every chance he gets. Trudy and Betty beg Mrs. Siezmagraff to keep Mr. Vanislaw under control, but she refuses to acknowledge his lewd behavior just as she refused to acknowledge that her late husband molested Trudy. After a night of charades, Mrs. Siezmagraff and Mr. Vanislaw go out drinking. Mrs. Siezmagraff passes out on the floor and Mr. Vanislaw, mad that his date is no longer able to perform, goes in search of Trudy and rapes her. Afterwards Trudy is furious with her mother for allowing the man into their house and demands that she do something, but Mrs. Siezmagraff turns a blind eye and says, â€Å"Every time I get a husband or a boyfriend, Trudy’s always after them.† Trudy is enraged and grabs a kitchen knife and cuts off Mr. Vanislaw’s penis. Keith then cuts off his head. During these events there is canned laughter, similar to that of a laugh track, coming from the ceiling. At first it is sporadic and confusing to the characters, but eventually they become accustomed to the laughter and question why some line or action might get a laugh while others do not. Then the Voices in the ceiling start talking back to the characters and making requests. Those requests soon turn into demands. When Mrs. Siezmagraff calls 911 and the dispatcher tells her to bring Keith and Trudy to the police station, and Betty goes for a walk, and Buck leaves to find the towns’ easy widow, and there is no one left for the Voices to watch, they get frustrated and angry and crash through the ceiling and into the setting of the play. They are a three-headed monster of sorts. They have three different personalities, but share a connected body bound with wires and tubing. The Voices demand that Betty and the rest of the residents at the summer share put on a courtroom drama to entertain them. After an Oscar worthy performance by Mrs. Siezmagraff in which she plays defense attorney, abusive mother, and long lost Irish maid, The Voices pronounce Keith and Trudy innocent of all charges. However, The Voices won’t stop there. They want violence and more violence. They want Keith to cut off more heads and Trudy to cut off more penises. When Buck comes home, this is just what Keith and Trudy do, all the while bonding nicely over the gruesome experience. The Voices want more. They want Keith to blow up the house. Betty begs to escape and manages to run as Keith turns on the gas stove and pulls out a match. Production Details Setting: A nice seaside summer community - maybe somewhere on the New Jersey shore. Not a trendy, chic location. Time: Summer Cast Size: This play can accommodate 9 actors. Male Characters: 5 Female Characters: 4 Characters that could be played by either males or females: 0 Roles Betty is a reasonable young woman. She is the most normal of the group of characters assembled at the summer share. She feels pressured by her job and her mother and is looking for a relaxing vacation at the beach. Trudy uses words as medication. She speaks long and incessantly about anything and everything. She is not used to being listened to and is surprised when Betty or The Voices acknowledge her. She is desperate for attention. Keith is a quiet young man who is looking to be left alone. He had a troubled childhood similar to Trudy’s and learned to cope by cutting off people’s heads. Buck is a â€Å"lout-hunk.† He is sexist in a naà ¯ve way. He believes that all women want to be with him just as he wants to be with them. He prefers to get off about 20 times a day and feels in pain if he falls short of this number. Mrs. Siezmagraff is a grand old woman. She lives life in a large way with self-inflicted blinders. She refuses to see herself or her daughter as a victim, instead choosing to view Trudy as competition for the love/lust of despicable men. Mr. Vanislaw is a derelict who gets his jollies by exposing himself to women as often as possible. He is uncomplicated and unapologetic in his wants and desires. The Group of Voices are comprised of two men and one woman. They are a cross section of demographics that TV stations poll to see what America finds entertaining. Production/Character Notes In the script provided by Dramatists Play Service, Inc, Christopher Durang has notes for potential directors, actors, and producers. He writes about tone, character choices, the use of blood and much more. Any theatre or company looking to produce Betty’s Summer Vacation would find it useful to read and study these notes. Content Issues: Language, murder, violence, rape, incest, sex

Native American Assimilation Essay - 1602 Words

For almost as long as European settlers have interacted with the native peoples of the Americas, they have had a notion: what many call ‘assimilation’. To Europeans, assimilation of native peoples meant for their culture, which they believed to be superior, to be accepted over time by the natives. And as they grew more and more European in language, religion, customs, organization, morals, and behavior, they would slowly shed off all of their old culture which the European culture would be replacing. The Europeans believed this process was for the best for the natives and that they would be happier living ‘civilized’ lives as opposed to practicing their own traditions. Assimilation, a replacing of native traditions with European-American†¦show more content†¦He makes predictions about the weather and what the future holds. (3) Not long into the novel, Horse is assimilated to quite an extent, and he is living the good life. Golden teeth in his mouth, he drives to church in his expensive, golden car. (11) And he is quite pleased with the ways his life have changed from his time as a more traditional foreteller who lived life like his ancestors had, before European influence. Still, in spite of this, Horse still holds fast to some of his old ways. He is the only member of the Osage to still live in a teepee. In addition, he tends to a fire. â€Å"It was an important fire. It had descended from the coals of his ancestors. Their lives still turned in the eternal flames.† (32) The flame is a symbol for native tradition. The firekeeper is a role passed down for generations, and his dedication to fulfilling his duty as firekeeper shows his resistance to complete assimilation to the European ways of life. The fire continues to burn, and its flame serves as proof of his heritage. And yet, in spite of his determination to hold true to his roots, he parks his car right next to this flame. This car is a symbol of the economic wealth that came from the allotted lands given by the European-Americans and from trading the oil on it to European-Americans. It is a symbol of what the European-Americans valued, and it itself is a European-American invention. And this symbol of white America, the very thing that threatens toShow MoreRelatedNative American Assimilation Essay1782 Words   |  8 Pagesmost difficult issues that arises when two cultures collide is how to address the concept of assimilation. One of the questions that has been asked throughout our nation’s history is whether or not the Native Americans would do well to assimilate into the â€Å"American mainstream. Quite frankly, I don’t think we, as non-Native Americans, have the right to propose an answer to this question. The Native Americans themselves are only ones who should be able to decide the future of their people’s traditionRead MoreNative American Cultural Assimilation Essay3830 Words   |  16 PagesNative American Cultu ral Assimilation from the Colonial Period to the Progressive October 2, 2011 Introduction Although the first European settlers in America could not have survived without their assistance, it was not long before the Native Americans were viewed as a problem population. They were an obstacle to the expansion plans of the colonial government and the same to the newly formed United States. The Native Americans were dealt with in various ways. During expansion someRead MoreNative Americans and Cultural Assimilation Essays1934 Words   |  8 PagesNative Americans have had a long history of resistance to the social and cultural assimilation into white culture. By employing various creative strategies, Native Americans have attempted to cope with the changes stemming from the European colonial movement into the Americas. There are fundamental differences in world views and cultural and social orders between Indians and Europeans, which contributed to conservatism in Native American cultures. In this paper, two aspects of such cultural and institutionalRead MoreAssimil ating to Fukuyamas Immigrants and Falmily Values Essay882 Words   |  4 Pages In the essay â€Å"Immigrants and Family Values†, the author Francis Fukuyama argued that immigrants, are not a threat for American family values, but rather American culture can become a threat for â€Å"newcomers†. On the other hand, Fukuyama expressed that as long as first generation immigrants want to keep their culture and language intact in school that will keep them from really assimilating the new culture. Before explaining why immigrants are not a threat for United States family values, FukuyamaRead MoreThe Accidental Asian: Notes of a Native Speaker Summary Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesPivka October 20, 2011 English 101 P2 â€Å"Notes of a Native Speaker† Summary In 1998, Eric Liu wrote a book about his struggle with acculturation titled â€Å"The Accidental Asian†. A chapter within the book called â€Å"Notes of a Native Speaker† depicts an essay written by Liu which fully describes his struggles with race and how he overcame them. Eric Liu is an American born Taiwanese Asian. His parents immigrated to the United States before he was born and in so, gave him a mixed cultural backgroundRead MoreTextual Analysis of Alexie’s â€Å"Because my Father Always Said...†1683 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis Essay Textual Analysis of Alexie’s â€Å"Because my Father Always Said...† America truly is the salad bowl of cultures from around the whole world. However, there is often times a dominating cultural structure that makes it difficult to attain peace among the diverse cultural groups of America. Sherman Alexie’s short story, Because my Father Always Said He Was the Only Indian Who Saw Jimi Hendrix Play ‘The Star-Spangled Banner’ at Woodstock, displays the difficulty of the Native AmericanRead MoreAmerican Indian Liberation : American Indians And The Boarding School Experience852 Words   |  4 Pageshad a curiosity in the Native American culture, yet my previous studies led me away from any cultural academics over the years. I am pleased that I am now delving into these resources after attending a pow wow on the White Earth Reservation to increase my understanding of the Native American culture. There are four books in particular that have sparked my curiosity: American Indian Liberation: A Theology of Sovereignty by George E. Tinker; Education for Extinction: American Indians and the BoardingRead MoreAlbert Kinsey Helped Change The American Public s Preconceptions On Sexuality935 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Question #2 Albert Kinsey helped change the American Public’s preconceptions on sexuality by publishing two bestselling books from 1947 to 1953 on the topic. Titled â€Å"American Sexual Behavior† and â€Å"Sexual Behavior in the Human Female†, these books both confirmed and challenged the generally held beliefs dealing with marriage, sexual gratification, and sexual orientation. Sex was deemed important for a healthy marriage, adultery was frequent and homosexuals weren’t weird anomalies. Hugh HefnerRead MoreNative Americans History1879 Words   |  7 PagesWhen asking a child, educated or not, what they ideas are when they hear the term Native American where does they mind venture to? More than likely do they not consider the former House of Representative, Charles D. Curtis or professor pitcher Joba Chamberlain. But they also do not think of a Native American as being an average person, a boy/girl like themselves. What children believe to be Native American are descriptions such as, feather headdresses, tomahawks, and long braided hair or scalpedRead MoreWesternization And Its Effects On Globalization And Westernization1134 Words   |  5 Pagesand culture. Various examples of this can be seen throughout history - assimilation of conquered lands into the Roman Empire, of native South Americans and Africans into Christianity and European culture during colonization, and the assimilation of Native Americans into the culture of the United States. Assimilation can al so create things, such as the religion of Vodun. However, this does not negate the fact that assimilation and its effects - globalization and westernization - are any less harmful

Rico Act Essay Free Essays

The RICO Act has been an important component in addressing organized and white collar crime. Write a five page (double-spaced) essay that summarizes the RICO Act and its impact on organized and white collar crime. Be sure to support your thoughts with information from our readings. We will write a custom essay sample on Rico Act Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rico Act Essay The term â€Å"Rico Act† stands for the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, Codified as chapter 96, Title 18, of the United States Code which was passed by Congress in 1970. The purpose of the Act was to eliminate the ill-affects of organized crime on the nation’s economy. The Rico Act provides for extended criminal penalties and a civil cause of action for acts performed as part of an ongoing criminal organization. The RICO Act focuses specifically on racketeering, and it allows for the leaders of a syndicate to be tried for the crimes which they ordered others to do or assisted them in doing. It closed a perceived loophole that allowed someone who told a man to commit a crime such as murder, to be exempt from the trial because they did not actually do it or were physically involved. Racketeering is defined as the process of forming or running an organization to operate or commit or otherwise execute ongoing criminal activities. For example the drug mafia planning and executing drug traffic in an organized manner. Such crimes are generally illegitimate business when a person commits crimes such as extortion, loan-sharking, bribery, and obstruction of justice in furtherance of illegal business activities. The definition of a â€Å"racketeering activity† means any act or threat involving murder, kidnapping, gambling, arson, robbery, bribery, extortion, dealing in obscene matter, or dealing in a controlled substance or listed chemical (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act), which is chargeable under State law and punishable by imprisonment for more than one year. There are a number of illegal and prohibited activities listed in the act and are as follows: Prohibited activities listed in Section 1962 of the Rico Act. a) It shall be unlawful for any person who has received any income derived, directly or indirectly, from a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of an unlawful debt in which such person has participated as a principal within the meaning of section 2, title 18, United States Code, to use or invest, directly or indirectly, any part of such income, or the proceeds of such income, in acquisition of any interest in, or the establishme nt or operation of, any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce. A purchase of securities on the open market for purposes of investment, and without the intention of controlling or participating in the control of the issuer, or of assisting another to do so, shall not be unlawful under this subsection if the securities of the issuer held by the purchaser, the members of his immediate family, and his or their accomplices in any pattern or racketeering activity or the collection of an unlawful debt after such purchase do not amount in the aggregate to one percent of the outstanding securities of any one class, and do not confer, either in law or in fact, the power to elect one or more directors of the issuer. (b) It shall be unlawful for any person through a pattern of racketeering activity or through collection of any unlawful debt to acquire or maintain, directly or indirectly, any interest in or control of any enterprise which is engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce. c) It shall be unlawful for any person employed by or associated with any enterprise engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce, to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of such enterprise’s affairs through a pattern of racketeering activity or collection of unlawful debt. (d) It shall be unlawful for any person to conspire to violate any of the provisions of subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section. Under RICO, a person who is a member of an illegal enterprise or organization that has committed any two of 35 crimes including 27 federal crimes and 8 state crimes, within a 10-year period, can be charged with racketeering. Those found guilty of racketeering can be fined up to $25,000 and sentenced to 20 years in prison per racketeering count. In addition, the racketeer must forfeit all ill-gotten gains and interest in any business gained through a pattern of â€Å"racketeering activity. RICO also permits a private individual harmed by the actions of suc h an enterprise to file a civil lawsuit and collect monetary damages. Despite its harsh provisions, a RICO-related charge is considered easy to prove in court, as it focuses on patterns of behavior as opposed to criminal acts. Although some of the RICO predicate acts are extortion and blackmail, one of the most successful applications of the RICO laws has been the ability to indict or sanction individuals for their behavior and actions committed against witnesses and victims in alleged retaliation or retribution for cooperating with federal law enforcement or intelligence agencies. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of bringing organized crime members to justice, ten years passed before the first RICO convictions were obtained. Throughout the 1970s crime families continually fought for power over the many racketeering enterprises that brought in huge sums of money. The National Conference on Organized Crime in 1975 estimated that mob related racketeering reached about $50 billion a year in the United States. An example of a popular case where the Rico Act was used to bring down a criminal organization was the numerous arrests of members of the Gambino Crime Family. The Carlo Gambino family was one of New York’s most powerful in the American Mafia. It was successfully weakened by convictions obtained under the RICO Act of 1970. Under Gambino’s leadership, family rackets spread into new areas. Starting in the late ’50s, they engaged in large-scale drug trafficking. The Gambino and Lucchese families put a stranglehold on illegal activities at JFK International Airport, effectively boxing out all competition. Gambino bought into all kinds of legitimate businesses such as pizza parlors, meat markets, restaurants, construction companies, trucking firms, dress factories, and nightclubs, and used them as fronts to facilitate illegal operations. Battles for power and control between crime families resulted in numerous murders. Members of one family would assassinate another’s boss. The family of the assassinated boss sought revenge by murdering a member of the offending family. Murders were also committed to prevent a crime member from testifying in a trial. The first convictions of American Mafia members under RICO began in 1980. Numerous gangsters were convicted for a variety of racketeering offenses. In 1985 the bosses of all five New York City Mafia families were convicted under RICO and each received at least one hundred years in prison. In 1992 Salvatore â€Å"Sammy the Bull† Gravano testified in court against his boss, John Gotti, head of the Gambino crime family at that time. In doing so he broke the sacred code of the Mafia, the code of silence barring every Mafia member from ever testifying against another Mafia member. Gotti was sentenced to life in prison. His brother Peter Gotti took over the family but was sentenced in April 2004 to nine years in prison. From our reading, we also learned that Rico can provide other benefits to local, county, state and federal law enforcement. As stated by Osterburg and Ward, page 632, â€Å"Through asset forfeiture provisions the government can confiscate money, houses, cars, boats, planes, electronics and weapons. This has not only impacted on the specific criminals targeted, but in many jurisdictions has been used as a means for law enforcement to expand their own efforts. In my own department, we use the proceeds from asset forfeitures to purchase vehicle equipment and bullet proof vests. Summary For decades, law enforcement strategies have focused on identifying and prosecuting the leaders of criminal enterpris es. Members may be charged or arrested for relatively minor infractions. Charges for even small infractions can provide prosecutors with the leverage to conduct further investigations of the group. The goal is to get â€Å"smaller fish† to â€Å"flip† and testify against the heads of the organization. The ultimate aim is to disrupt the group as a whole. Since the inception of the Rico Act, thousands of arrests and convictions have been handed down against members of organized crime. All five New York crime families have been disabled by Rico convictions and numerous other crime families have felt the sting. There has been mixed reviews on the total effectiveness of the Rico Act, but most will agree that there seems to be no end to organized crime and those willing to engage in criminal activity and enterprise. References www. ricoact. com/ricoact/nutshell. asp RICO – What Happened Next . . . – Crime, Family, Mafia, Families, Organized, and American http://law. jrank. org/pages/12394/RICO-What-happened-next. html#ixzz1XrNLl9Gg http://www. trutv. com/library/crime/gangster_outlaws/family_epics/gambino/3. html www. justice. gc. ca/eng/pi/rs/rep-rap/2005/rr05_5/p5. html. Osterburg and Ward. , Criminal Investigations, A Method for Reconstructing the How to cite Rico Act Essay, Essays